Amnesty says India continued arms supplies to Israel amid Gaza genocide

India continued supplying arms to Israel despite what it described as a substantial risk they could be used in Israel’s military campaign in Gaza, Amnesty International said in a report released on Thursday.
The report, Made in India: The Supply of Weapons and Ammunition to Israel, said India had forged a close and profitable partnership with Israel’s defence sector and become a significant contributor to supply chains supporting the Israeli military.

Amnesty said its investigators analysed 2,596 shipments of small arms, ammunition and military vehicles exported from India to Israel between Oct. 7, 2023 and Nov. 30, 2025. It estimated that Indian companies supplied at least 390,516 small-arms parts for military-grade weapons, 564,970 explosive ordnance components, including drone warheads and artillery shell casings, and 298 military vehicle components to major Israeli companies that directly supply Israel’s armed forces.

The report also identified Indian state-owned companies among the suppliers.

“Our research reveals India’s continuing support to the Israeli military and defence sector despite the genocide in Gaza, which has been broadcast worldwide on an almost daily basis for years,” Amnesty International Secretary General Agnès Callamard said. “India manufactures and supplies arms transferred to Israel through its ownership and control over key supplier companies. Not only has India failed to regulate arms exports to Israel by private companies in line with international law and standards; it has also deepened its defence partnership with Israel.”

Amnesty said it excluded shipments that could have been intended for civilian use, as well as weapons, parts and ammunition likely used for missile defence systems, which it said had often been used to “defend civilians from indiscriminate attacks.”

“In light of the International Court of Justice’s provisional measures orders recognizing a plausible risk of genocide against Palestinians in Gaza, the Indian authorities cannot credibly argue that they did not know that continuing to authorize and facilitate arms transfers to Israel carries a substantial risk of contributing to serious violations of international law,” Callamard said.

The report said India’s legal framework governing arms exports lacked an explicit requirement for human rights due diligence to prevent military goods from being used in violations of international human rights or international humanitarian law, and criticised what it described as insufficient transparency in the export approval process.

Amnesty urged India to join the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), saying it would be a first step towards aligning its export control regulations with international law. India abstained in the 2013 U.N. vote adopting the treaty and has neither signed nor acceded to it.

The organisation said it wrote to the Indian government and the nine companies named in the report in June and July 2026 detailing its findings, but had received no response by the time the report was published.

Amnesty said Israel’s military campaign had been enabled by continued supplies of weapons and ammunition from several countries, including the United States and Germany, as well as the transit of arms through Slovenia and France.

Using internationally recognised Harmonized System customs codes, Amnesty identified at least 2,596 shipments of weapons, ammunition, parts and accessories exported from India to Israel between Oct. 7, 2023 and Nov. 30, 2025.

The shipments included machine-gun components for weapons used by Israeli forces in Gaza, 155 mm high-explosive artillery shells supplied to Elbit Systems, explosive warheads for SkyStriker loitering munitions similar to those identified from debris in Khan Younis, and armoured vehicle components destined for major Israeli military suppliers, Amnesty said.

The organisation said some Indian companies could risk complicity in crimes under international law and other serious human rights violations through their business relationships with Israeli companies that directly supply the Israeli military.

The report identified Indian companies including PLR Systems Private Limited, Indo MIM Private Limited, Kalyani Systems Private Limited, the state-owned Munitions India Limited and Alpha Elsec Defence & Aerospace Systems Private Limited. Israeli recipients included Elbit Systems, Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and Israel Aerospace Industries, which Amnesty said were known for contributing to violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law.

Amnesty said it had previously called on governments and private entities to end business activities with those companies or “risk complicity in the crimes against humanity of apartheid, genocide, and other crimes under international law.”

The rights group reiterated its call for a comprehensive arms embargo on Israel covering the direct and indirect supply, sale or transfer of arms, military equipment, related technologies and components until companies involved could demonstrate they were not contributing to what Amnesty described as Israel’s unlawful occupation or other crimes under international law.

It also called on India and Indian companies to immediately halt all transfers of arms, ammunition, parts and components to Israel.

“By knowingly allowing the transfer of arms to Israel, India stands in clear violation of its duty to prevent genocide under the Genocide Convention and its obligation to ensure respect for the Geneva Conventions,” Callamard said.